Volume 7 Issue 1
ELECTRONIC NETWORK JOURNAL "RUSSIAN TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL"
Volume 7 Issue 1
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS. INFORMATICS. PROBLEMS OF INFORMATION SECURITY |
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Sigov A.S., |
Quantum informatics: overview of the main achievements 111 AbstractThe urgency of conducting research in the field of quantum informatics is grounded. Promising areas of research are highlighted. For foreign and Russian publications and materials, a review of the main scientific results that characterize the current state of research in quantum computer science is made. It is noted that knowledge and funds are invested most intensively in the development of the architecture of a quantum computer and its elements. Despite the fact that today there is no information on the creation of a physical implementation of a quantum computer comparable in functionality to a classical digital computer, the development of quantum algorithms is one of the popular areas of research. An advantage of quantum algorithms is the fact that they reduce the time required to solve the problem due to the parallelization of operations by generating entangled quantum states and their subsequent use. This advantage (quantum acceleration) is most important when solving the problem of modeling the dynamics of complex systems and enumerated mathematical problems. (The general case of enumeration is the Grover scheme and its variants; the tasks of searching for hidden periods: Shor's scheme of using the fast quantum Fourier transform and its analogues.) The demand for cybersecurity developments (search for vulnerabilities in smart spaces, secure storage and use of big data, quantum cryptography) is noted. More than a dozen articles are devoted to quantum algorithms of key search, key distribution on optical fibers of various lengths, and the analysis of quantum resources necessary for conducting a cyber attack. In the field of artificial quantum intelligence, attention is paid, first of all, to the “search” for a model of a quantum neural network that is optimal from the point of view of using all the advantages presented by quantum computing and neural networks, as well as machine learning algorithms. Examples of the use of quantum computing in cognitive and social sciences for studying the decision-making mechanism with incomplete data are given. It is concluded that quantum informatics is promising for the simulation of complex natural and artificial phenomena and processes. Keywords: quantum computer science, quantum computer, quantum algorithms, modeling of complex phenomena and processes, neural networks, machine learning, cryptography, cognitive technologies. |
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Grigoriev V.K., |
Abstract The overall development of information systems and their increasingly significant impact on all areas of the society expressed in such terms as "information society", etc., determines the increasing importance of user interfaces. Moreover, the quality and adequacy of the interface to the tasks of the subject area becomes the determining parameter when choosing a specific organization software product for computer support of the organization. The study of user interfaces involved with the 70s of the last century. Some methods of interface quality research, in particular, the GOMS method is used to date. However, the use of advanced training technology for mass professional users of information systems for the study of interfaces allows to effectively evaluate the interface in the learning process without using the GOMS method. This article is devoted to this issue. The article deals with the method of quantitative evaluation of the quality of the user interface in the form of such characteristics as errors and mental time of the tasks of the subject area. The structure of time of performing tasks of the subject area is analyzed. Mental time is allocated as the characteristic that chiefly determines the usability of the user interface. Mental time is based on the total time of the step, the calculation time at this step, and the mechanical time required for a person to perform an action that causes the step to be performed. It is shown that the use of anticipated training technology of mass professional user can significantly simplify the allocation of mental time by eliminating the time of the task computer. In the structure of time, the mechanical time required for a person to perform an action that causes the step to be performed is essential. In the GOMS method some standard numerical characteristics are used to estimate mechanical time. However, a hypothesis is put forward, and it is experimentally shown that a statistically significant minimum time for performing actions can be used as mechanical time. This hypothesis was experimentally confirmed. The method and results of this experiment are presented in the article. Developed on this basis, the methodology for assessing the quality of the interface can be used when retraining users in the process of transition of organizations to domestic software in order to evaluate the interfaces. Keywords: anticipated training, user interface, mass professional user, interface quality, training quality, GOMS method. |
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Nazarenko M.A., |
Antivirus software and industrial cyber security system certification in Russia 48 AbstractThe article is dedicated to issues in certification of antivirus software and industrial cyber security systems. It was shown that certification time in Russia is much longer than in the USA, European Union and Germany. The life time and the development time of products of this field were analyzed in the article. Each variable was specified for new products and for new versions of existing products. Some statistical methods were used in the article: Cronbach’s alfa, t-statistics, and median value similarity that are typical for the articles in quality management. As a result, it was found that certification time in Russia for industrial cyber security systems is significantly longer than in other analyzed countries, up to three-fold. Product development and life time are also longer. However, the most important result is that certification in Russia adds from 32.1 to 40 percent of time to the development of a new version or a new product, correspondingly, whereas in other investigated countries these numbers are about 17 percent. Reduction of certification time will increase new product development efficiency in the field of cyber security, which will improve positions of Russian products at the international mark et. Keywords: cyber security, industrial cyber security system, antivirus software, certification, Russia. |
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MODERN RADIO ENGINEERING AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS |
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Kostin M.S., |
Counterreengineering of electronic devices 44 AbstractThe paper presents the main results of scientific and practical research in the field of special design reengineering and counterreengineering of radioelectronic devices. Methods and means of special design reengineering of functional modules of multilayer printed circuit boards and case microcircuits are presented. The basic process design for the reengineering of multilayer printed circuits of radioelectronic products is presented. The design is based on the physical principles of destructive and non-destructive decomposing test: mechanical processing and chemical etching, stereolaser structuring, IR imaging electrothermics and X-ray analysis. The article formulates positions and methodology of the circuit analysis of the basic architecture of electrical circuits and signal processes of radio electronic products by the configuration of the printed circuit, its electronic component base and their connected topologies. The article considers methods and techniques for the reengineering of radiotechnical circuits and signals enabling to reproduce the list of the electronic component base and the essential circuit technique, as well as to study the basic circuit characteristics of the appliance in four main modes: functional, in-circuit, peripheral and identification visualization. The methods and means of authentic performance of radioelectronic devices for a number of constructive and radiotechnical identifiers are considered. Technical methods and solutions for counterreengineering of radioelectronic devices have been developed. Keywords: special project reengineering, counterreengineering, technical countermeasures, radio electronic device, prototype decomposition, signaling processes. |
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Kharalgin S.V., |
Abstract The technology of additive 3D printing is widely used in various branches of science and industry. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to evaluate and study the possibilities of 3D printing technology applied to the manufacture of microwave devices and to compare the characteristics of the devices obtained with the characteristics used in the electrodynamic model. Printing metal parts is an overly expensive process in small-scale production, both in terms of the cost of equipment and in relation to the materials used. In this work, parts for microwave devices were made of plastic with the aim of cheapening. Relatively cheap polymers used in 3D printing are dielectrics. Therefore, to limit the propagation of an electromagnetic wave in all directions it was necessary to create a conductive layer on the surface of printed models. The article: identifies the FFF print parameters that affect to the maximum extent the propagation of an electromagnetic wave; describes the process and problems encountered when printing and galvanizing parts; discusses the steps of modeling devices and measuring their parameters. The characteristics of microwave devices made by 3D printing technology were investigated. An assessment of the possibilities of manufacturing antennas and coaxial-waveguide transitions using this technology was carried out. To implement the conductive layer on the surface of the models, the method of galvanization was used. The adhesion properties of the obtained metallic coatings were investigated. The results of electromagnetic modeling are given. The parameters that affect to the maximum extent the quality of the implemented devices were determined. Laboratory measurements of the characteristics of produced devices were conducted. The simulation results of the examined devices are in good agreement with the experimental characteristics of the made models using 3D printing technology. A complete production cycle of microwave devices was carried out: design, simulation, sample production, and validation of characteristics. Prospects for the further development of the described technology include a variation of the types of plastics used as a substrate, the application of finishing decorative and functional coatings, an improvement in the adhesion properties of the applied copper layer with the substrate. Keywords: 3D printing technology, horn antenna, coaxial-waveguide transition, additive technologies, galvanization. |
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MATHEMATIC MODELING |
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Chekhova R.V., |
Separation of diffraction spectra by principal component method by the example of Arifon drug 35 AbstractThe article deals with the results of experimental studies on statistical processing of diffraction spectra of solid drugs for the purpose of their separation and identification. Diffractograms of the original and falsified drugs Arifon were used for the study. They were obtained on a desktop diffractometer Difray 401 produced by Scientific Instruments Inc. (Saint Petersburg, Russia). The research was conducted in the Scilab environment distributed under a free license. The captured diffraction spectra were processed using a smoothing procedure that eliminated the influence of a random component in the original data. Analysis of the results of smoothing by the moving average method showed that the smoothing algorithm with the window 41 point is most preferable. The results of statistical processing of diffractograms of the drugs investigated by the principal component analysis (PCA) in graphical and numerical form, which showed good convergence and efficiency of this method in the separation of diffraction spectra, are presented. The conducted studies make it possible to create a technique that allows identifying solid drugs by X-ray diffraction. Keywords: diffraction spectrum, drug, principal component analysis, eigenvalue, eigenvector. |
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