Volume 6 Issue 2
ELECTRONIC NETWORK JOURNAL "RUSSIAN TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL"
Volume 6 Issue 2
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MODERN RADIO ENGINEERING AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS |
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Golovanova N.В., |
Abstract Using the employment data of young professionals allowed concluding that, despite the need for specialists, for a number of reasons including the dissatisfaction of employers with the junior specialists training this need remains unfulfilled. Based on the data describing the main activities implemented within the scope of the practice-oriented approach in the training of specialists in radio engineering and communication systems, the article gives a comprehensive idea of the actual status of practical training for future graduates of higher educational institutions. At the same time, the provision of practice orientation only through the efforts of the educational organization does not allow obtaining the desired effect. The main factor in the effective implementation of a practice-oriented approach is the active participation of profile enterprises in this process. However, despite the obvious need for personnel, enterprises are not very eager to engage in this kind of interaction, sometimes not even fulfilling the obligations stipulated in treaties on targeted training. The article describes the experience of MIREA, which solves a significant part of the problems associated with the organization and intensification of the practical training of students with the use of the basic departments. An effective implementation of the practice-oriented approach will ensure the balance of the activities of the educational organization and the interests of employers. Keywords: quality of training, employment, practice-oriented approach, profile enterprises and organizations, interaction with strategic partners. |
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Kholopov V.A., |
Abstract The paper considers optimization of industrial network configuration based on industrial network simulation. A description of step-by-step industrial network design including algorithmic and mathematical models is given. An algorithm for designing the APCS (Automated Process Control System) industrial network is developed, the metrics of the industrial network are compared with the factors affecting them, and the optimization objective function is developed. A solution of the problem of combinatorial optimization of the industrial Ethernet networks is proposed. Boltzmann scheme annealing method is used as an optimization method that regulates a random search for a global minimum of the objective function. The developed optimization method is a promising solution allowing to increase the efficiency of the APCS industrial network project design. The results of using the method are: reduction of the number of errors at the working project creation stage; design process structuring; clear requirements formalization; saving man hours of qualified employees in drawing up topologies, specifications and other project documents; reduction of the system cost. Keywords: automation of production, industrial network, automated control system, automated process control system (APCS), automated production management system, mathematic model, algorithmic model, simulated annealing method, cost function, combinatorial optimization. |
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MICRO - AND NANOELECTRONICS, PHYSICS OF CONDENSED STATE |
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Kadantsev V.N., |
Collective excitations in alpha-helical protein molecule 32 AbstractContinuous energy supply, a necessary condition for life, excites a state far from thermodynamic equilibrium, in particular coherent electric polar vibrations depending on water ordering in the cell. The collective, low-frequency vibrational excitations in protein macromolecules in the terahertz frequency region are suggested to orchestrate many protein processes such as enzymatic activity, electron/energy transport, conformation transitions and others. The most significant type of excitations is long-lived coherent vibronic modes and waves which are either spreading over large protein subdomains or being localised states. Two possible mechanisms of the formation of collective dynamic modes in the form of Fröhlich collective mode and Davydov soliton were previously suggested. We developed a unified quantum-mechanics approach to describe conditions of the formation of Fröhlich vibronic state and Davidov soliton in alphahelical protein molecules interacting with the environment. We distinguish three subsystems in the model, i.e., (i) oscillating peptide groups (PGs), interacting with (ii) the subsystem of side residuals of proteins, which in turn interacts with the environment (surrounding water), which is responsible for dissipation and fluctuation processes and modelled by a system of harmonic oscillators. It was shown that the equation of motion for dynamic variables of PG chain (phonon variables) can be transformed to the nonlinear Schrodinger equation for order parameters, which determines energy “pumping” due to protein interaction with a reservoir. Solution of the order parameter equation was shown to admit bifurcation into the solution corresponding to the formation of weak damped collective vibronic mode with growing amplitude. It was also shown that the solution corresponding to Davydov soliton can exist at certain boundary conditions in this bifurcation region. The suggested mechanism of emergent of macroscopic dissipative structures in the form of collective vibronic modes in proteins is discussed in connection with recent experimental data on long-lived collective protein excitation in the terahertz frequency region Keywords: alpha-helical proteinα-helical protein, Fröhlich condensation, autolocalization states, hydrogen bonds, phonon, dynamical regimes, soliton. |
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Svetogorov V.N., |
Abstract The compositions of epitaxial layers forming quantum-well heterostructures AlxGayIn1-x-yAs / InP for laser diodes with the radiation wavelength of 1.55 μm are calculated. When carrying out the calculations, the problem was to provide the maximum height of the energy barriers for effective limitation of charge carriers in the quantum wells. Along with taking care of the effects of the dimensional quantization of the energy of free charge carriers in allowed zones, the effect of elastic stress in epitaxial layers on the displacement of the edges of the energy bands were taken into account in the calculation. It is shown that in order to solve the posed problems it is necessary to form heterostructures with elastic compression stress in a quantum well and elastic tensile stress in the barrier layers. As a result of the calculations the authors suggest a structure that includes a barrier layer of Al0.28Ga0.30In0.42As with a thickness of 110 Å and a quantum well Al0.03Ga0.23In0.74As in a layer with a thickness of 55Å (with the mismatch between the parameters of the crystal lattice and the InP substrate – 0.8% and + 1.4 %, respectively). According to the calculation results, the indicated thicknesses of epitaxial layers do not exceed the critical values that can lead to the formation of imperfect dislocations at heterointerfaces. Keywords: laser diodes, quantum well, AlxGayIn1-x-yAs/InP, mechanical stress, dimensional quantization levels. |
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Yurasov A.N., |
The effective medium theory as a tool for analyzing the optical properties of nanocomposites 30 AbstractThe spectral dependence of the dielectric permittivity of a nanocomposite sample in the near-IR range was investigated. Nanocomposites are inhomogeneous structures in which metal granules are placed in a semiconductor or dielectric matrix. Methods of effective medium are used to describe the optical and magneto-optical properties of nanocomposites. In such structures the existence of giant and tunnel magnetoresistance, giant anomalous Hall effect, large magneto-optical activity and anomalous optical absorption is possible. These effects are of both fundamental and practical interest. Using the Fresnel formula, the spectral dependences of the reflection and transmission coefficients of p-polarized light were constructed. The singular points of the given spectral dependences at λ = 1 and 4 μm were found and discussed. The composition of the nanocomposite (Cu + Si) was determined. The model spectral dependences of the dielectric constant for this nanocomposite were constructed. A good qualitative and quantitative agreement of the experimental and model spectral dependences was observed. The dielectric permittivity values for Cu + Si nanocomposite were calculated by the Maxwell- Garnett method. To date, there are several methods for describing the effective environment of a nanocomposite. The main approximation in the case of a small concentration of the metal component is the Maxwell-Garnett effective medium method, which describes the structure by means of the effective dielectric constant εeff. For medium concentrations the approach of Bruggeman is used. In the case of arbitrary concentrations, the symmetrized Maxwell-Garnett approximation works well. Since the concentration of the metal component was determined in our work, which is 7%, the method of Maxwell-Garnett effective medium method was chosen. The analysis carried out in the article makes it possible to predict the optical properties of any nanocomposite, which is important for the selection of materials with specified properties. The possibilities of using nanocomposites are discussed. Keywords: magnetooptics, nanocomposites, dielectric permittivity, reflection coefficient, Fresnel formulas, Wolf-Bragg condition, Brewster angle. |
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ECONOMY OF THE KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE AND HI-TECH ENTERPRISES AND PRODUCTIONS |
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Marin Marinov, |
Streamlining the management of corporate accounts receivable 16 AbstractThe paper assesses the importance of corporate receivables to the financial position of companies nowadays. The process of streamlining corporate accounts receivable relates to maintaining their value within such limits which would be sufficient to ensure covering shortterm corporate accounts payable without having to resort to additional sources of financing. The contents of the research paper is presented in two logically connected parts. Part one reviews the methods and approaches to corporate accounts receivable management which have been established in financial theory. Part two presents an analysis of the accounts receivable of six Bulgarian public companies. According to achieved financial results, each company has been positioned within a matrix illustrating the correlation between accounts receivable and sales volumes, following the Gentry-De La Gаrzа model. The views of the authors on related issues are based on the conducted research and are presented as research findings and conclusions. Keywords: corporate accounts receivable, sales revenue, public companies. |
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Nadtochiy Yu.B., |
Intellectual capital of the organization: the essence, structure, approaches to evaluation 51 AbstractWhat is "intellectual capital"? There is still no clear answer to this question. But it should be noted that practically all domestic and foreign authors are unanimous in the opinion that the composition (structure) of intellectual capital includes knowledge, skills and experience of a person (worker) who owns it or an aggregate of people working in a particular organization. Some researchers considering intellectual capital, treat it as intangible assets, others – as intellectual property, and there are also works in which these three concepts are regarded as interrelated, but not identical. Anyway, the basis of intellectual capital as a result – the education received, the invented brand, the developed software and much more – are the knowledge of a person or a group of people. Interest in the concept of "intellectual capital" arose in connection with the increase in the intellectualization of labor in modern conditions. The attention of many scientists, especially economists, has been directed at the need to saturate any work with mental activity. At present, there are many definitions of the concept of "intellectual capital" and many different elements of its structure. Besides, the definition of the structural elements of intellectual capital has its own characteristicsdepending on the type of organization. The intellectual capital of an employee and worker will be filled with different content due to the specifics of their activities. The intellectual capital of a teacher of a higher educational institution will also have its own specific features. In this regard, in part, there are difficulties in assessing intellectual capital. At the present time, it is possible to talk about the existence of different approaches to the evaluation of intellectual capital, but it is quite certain that intellectual capital cannot be fully valued. Keywords: intellectual capital, knowledge, intangible assets, estimation of intellectual capital. |
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